Each year, millions of people are facing skin diseases of different nature. They can be of infectious and communicable diseases. Most often, (quite in good health, at first sight of the people) the diagnosis is psoriasis. It occurs on various areas of the body may be of variable intensity. It disturbs the patients and their loved ones, because people are afraid of contamination. Let's see what is the psoriasis, the reasons of its occurrence, symptoms and treatment methods.
What is psoriasis
Psoriasis on the skin – a disease of chronic nature, cannot be transmitted from person to person. Previously, this diagnosis was considered as the inflammation of the skin, but today, call of psoriatic arthritis of the disease, due to the fact that it has a systemic nature, it occurs because of the failure in the endocrine system, the immune system, the nervous system.
The mechanism of development of psoriasis on the body
Not to notice the focus of the pathology is not possible because in the area of the body appear tingling, itching sensation, redness and exfoliation of the skin. Each person, facing a diagnosis, is beginning to feel discomfort when communicating with people, because the disease disfigure the affected area of the body.
The mechanism of development lies in the fact that the cells of the skin die, after 4-5 days, but do not fall off, and formed into blisters and begin to peel off, causing an inflammatory process. The disease is not transmitted through contact, this is why epidemics don't happen. The appearance of psoriasis is link with hyperactivity of immune lymphocytes.
Usually, the disease appears in genetically predisposed to his people:
- If one of the parents has the genetic predisposition to the disease, the probability of occurrence of this diagnosis in a child of 25%.
- If the 2 parents – 65%.
Psoriasis can occur at any age, even if a child there was no sign of its presence. Amorage can become an antibiotic treatment alcohol, stress, skin wounds, beriberi.
The causes, symptoms and treatment of psoriasis
At least, the disease – psoriasis affects people for centuries, from its source up to the present, is not installed. The disease can strike any individual, even not having a predisposition to the development of the pathology.
The physicians have advanced such theories regarding the causes of the appearance of psoriasis:
- Viral.
- Immune.
- Infectious.
- Genetic.
- Caused by infringement of a metabolism.
Each of these causes can cause the focus of the pathology, located in any place of the body: head, hands (especially on elbows), legs, as well as the psoriasis appears on the chest and on the belly.
Why the man occurs psoriasis: a theory viral
The scientific research of the causes of psoriasis have found changes in the peripheral lymph nodes, which is the sign of a viral form of the disease.
The doctors believe that the retroviruses, genetic diseases are at the origin of the intensification of psoriasis, but to prove it, you want to:
- Select a retrovirus and identify them.
- Determine the environment of the habitat.
- Carefully consider what is not under the force of modern medicine.
Retroviruses have the ability to change the genetic structure of man, through the synthesis of DNA, and education "falsum progressio". This factor is further investigated by doctors, but through a transfusion of blood of patient with psoriasis to health, I have not yet noted the onset of the disease to the second, which makes the theory in question.
Immune dysfunction
Violations of the immune system the field of effects on many structures of the body, but the experts noticed that at the onset of a sinusitis, tonsillitis, and other autoimmune diseases, the outbreaks get worse.
At the first onset of psoriasis, doctors believe the source is the aggressiveness of the auto-immune.
Has had many of the diagnostic activities, a student in patients of the appearance of microabscesses Munro, appeared, following departures:
- Immunoglobulins.
- Antibodies.
- The immune complex.
The inflammatory process of the skin, caused by psoriasis increases the sensitivity of the epidermis, in particular in the areas affected by chemical or physical manner. Then there is the increase in the size of skin rashes and irritations. In the case studies, the experts have identified anti-angiogenic components themselves antigens, people with no predisposition to the disease.
The theory of the
It is believed that the cause of the onset of psoriasis is directly related to the infection. The worsening of the pathology often set in people involved in the hospital, although the pathogenic fungi and micro-organisms is not detected. Judging, according to the scientists, psoriasis on the bottom of the infectious injury is the result of the admission of impulses of autonomic and the endocrine system, which causes a change of the structures of the body on the floor of the immune dysfunction.
Also allergo-infectious theory, characterized by an allergic reaction to a virus, micro-organisms and their toxic selection, but officially, this theory is not confirmed yet.
The genetic theory
This theory suggests that psoriasis is passed on from parents to children, so that parents more or less close.
This is due to the fact that most of the people, of suspicion and of the skin of veins a clinic with psoriasis, the illness history in the family from 3 to 5 generations, but call the disease is strictly genetic can not be, because it occurs on the background of a complex of disorders:
- Changes enzyme, lipid, carbohydrate, protein metabolism.
- The immune system, the endocrine system, autonomic dysfunction.
- Of viral and infectious diseases.
The differences in the metabolism
Disturbances in the metabolism, are the source of many diseases.
In psoriasis, studies show the following:
- The rate of high cholesterol
- The temperature is lower than the standard.
In this case, the experts rank the psoriasis is cholesteric diathesis, in effect, the poor lipid exchange causes the keratinization of the skin.
Also, the clinical picture the patient may have the following indicators:
- The violation of metabolism of the vitamin in the group B6/12, And, If the amount Of vitamin c in the body more.
- The lack or excess of zinc, of copper, of iron.
These factors reduce the adaptive capacity of man and promote the onset of diabetes, which often accompanies psoriasis.
Where still taken of the disease of psoriasis (other reasons):
- The stress.
- The acclimatization.
- The vaccination.
- Allergies.
- Women hormonal.
- Burns, wounds, bites.
- The drugs and alcohol.
- Hypothermia.
- The abuse of certain products.
- The food poisoning.
Psoriasis can appear in any person, regardless of age and sex, but as before it appears, more causing the body of the patient of damage and alters their quality of life.
The first signs of psoriasis
Initially, the disease manifests itself in the form of small prone to flaking, papules, localized, in the area previously of the affected area of the skin. At the initial stage, psoriasis can have a gradual or sudden nature of the development. On, is appeared on the skin pinkish nodules strongly itch, burn and are beginning to be covered with redness or flaking of the crust. The sick try to comb the households, because it brings a relief, but even more traumatic for the piderme. The combing of psoriasis is counter to the spread of the disease on the tissues, and therefore to the appearance of the first symptoms, it is necessary to immediately consult a doctor.
The first signs of psoriasis are a rash on these parts of the body:
- The folds inguinal.
- Head.
- The tibia.
- Back.
- The stomach (under the breast).
- The nails/fingers.
- Arms, legs, (knees, elbows, hands, feet).
In order to facilitate the diagnosis of psoriasis, experts have divided the disease on several forms, which have their own symptoms and individual localization. For example:
- The symptoms of psoriasis plaque forms are characterized red depilatus by papules, with clear boundaries. Usually, they are located in the region of the head, the back, elbows and knees.
- When the tear of psoriasis, the symptoms quite other. On the surface exposed produces a multitude of small spots or pustules, when the pressure is assigned a transparent liquid. They are usually on the back of the hands and feet.
It is easier in the form of psoriasis. Their development does not cause an increase in temperature, joints aching, chills. However, it is necessary to treat any form of disease, because if not to use the therapy with the appearance of the first signs, the psoriasis can spread to joints, nail plate, and the mucous membranes.
To know the disease at the beginning, look at the picture signa developing on the skin psoriasis.
The typical symptoms of psoriatic arthritis
Psoriatic arthritis refers to severe psoriasis. Then, the disease affects the joints, which leads to their deformation, and as a result of the partial/full of the dysfunction. In the initial phase, the disease is localized, in the area of the feet and hands, and then transferred to the segments of the vertebral column and large joints. Then the joints increase in volume, start to hurt.
On physical examination, the doctor gives the emphasis on these factors:
- There is a genetic predisposition to psoriasis.
- The swelling of the joints.
- The syndrome of the pain when walking, or touching of the subjects.
- Restriction of mobility.
- Stiffness in the joints (during the day and in the morning).
Also, a specialist will order tests. First, it is necessary to ensure that the joint pain caused by this is psoriasis. To do this, the patient must pass a test for rheumatoid factor. If the result is negative, this means that the physician establishes a diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis.
The first signs of nail psoriasis
The first signs of the defeat of the plaque of psoriasis are identical to mushrooms. So on the whole circumference of the nail, you can note down points, which is the length of the flute. They can appear on 1 nail or all the world, but the beginning of changes record of least of the part of the nail plate.
In the absence of treatment of the disease:
- Advance up to the root.
- The nail becomes inflamed, thickens, grows dull.
- Around the nail formed a red border of the skin.
He encounters this as the result of the nail plate may peel off the skin or become similar to the bird of the claw, because the disease affects not only the skin, but the nerve endings.
The treatment of psoriasis
Cure psoriasis is totally impossible, as the disease is of a chronic character. The maximum that doctors can do to affect the drug therapy, creating a remission of the disease.
For medicinal purposes are assigned to the topical medication. They increase the infiltration of the skin, reduce flaking and eliminate the inflammatory process, resulting in an itching sensation.
These medicines include ointments and creams containing:
- Dithranol.
- Salicylic acid.
- The sulphur in the fuel.
- Urea.
Also, experts prescribe local glucocorticoids skin oils and lotions, appropriate for the treatment of the scalp.
On the appointment of therapy depends on many factors:
- The age of the patient.
- The Original manifestation of the disease or the aggravation.
- How progresses the inflammation.
- Where locates the focal point of the defeat.
- The duration of the disease.
- In what form is manifested etc
At the reception of a specialist will examine the patient, gather a history and prescribe a biopsy of the affected area.
After you have received the results, applies these methods of treatment.
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On the stages anti-inflammatory hormones: During the exacerbation, and expressed the inflammation, the means of: |
The data of the drug in 70% of cases allow to eliminate the inflammation and redness, within a period of 2 weeks for the treatment of psoriasis. |
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Glucocorticoids negalogenizirovannam type: |
The tools are widely demanded for the treatment of pensioners and children, because the exception of their composition, fluorine and chlorine, reduces the likelihood of an allergic reaction. |
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Creams and ointments dithranol: |
Have antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory. Often cause allergies in the form of itching and local swelling. They are designated more and more, the dosage for the short-term treatment. |
In addition to these methods, there are other, no less efficient, but must choose only a doctor. Is not correctly selected therapy is able to aggravate the patient's condition and cause gradual in inflammatory processes on the background of an allergic reaction, so not worth to experiment with drugs. In addition, they must constantly change, because the body becomes accustomed to the effects of drugs and the effectiveness of treatment decreases gradually.